from __future__ import annotations

import json
import math
import statistics
import subprocess
from pathlib import Path
from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional, Tuple

try:
    import cv2  # type: ignore[import-untyped]
except Exception:  # pragma: no cover
    cv2 = None


def _safe_float(value: Any, default: float = 0.0) -> float:
    try:
        return float(value)
    except Exception:
        return default


def _safe_int(value: Any, default: int = 0) -> int:
    try:
        return int(float(value))
    except Exception:
        return default


def _iso_clamp(v: int, lo: int, hi: int) -> int:
    return max(lo, min(hi, v))


def _detect_faces(gray_img) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
    if cv2 is None:
        return []
    cascade_path = str(Path(cv2.data.haarcascades) / "haarcascade_frontalface_default.xml")
    detector = cv2.CascadeClassifier(cascade_path)
    if detector.empty():
        return []
    faces = detector.detectMultiScale(
        gray_img,
        scaleFactor=1.1,
        minNeighbors=4,
        minSize=(20, 20),
    )
    out: List[Dict[str, Any]] = []
    for (x, y, w, h) in faces:
        out.append(
            {
                "bbox": [int(x), int(y), int(w), int(h)],
                "confidence": 0.75,
            }
        )
    return out


def _detect_plates(gray_img) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
    if cv2 is None:
        return []
    cascade_path = str(Path(cv2.data.haarcascades) / "haarcascade_russian_plate_number.xml")
    if not Path(cascade_path).exists():
        return []
    detector = cv2.CascadeClassifier(cascade_path)
    if detector.empty():
        return []
    plates = detector.detectMultiScale(
        gray_img,
        scaleFactor=1.1,
        minNeighbors=3,
        minSize=(28, 10),
    )
    out: List[Dict[str, Any]] = []
    for (x, y, w, h) in plates:
        out.append(
            {
                "bbox": [int(x), int(y), int(w), int(h)],
                "confidence": 0.65,
                "text": None,
            }
        )
    return out


def _noise_label(noise_sigma: float) -> str:
    if noise_sigma >= 28:
        return "high"
    if noise_sigma >= 14:
        return "medium"
    return "low"


def _brightness_label(brightness: float) -> str:
    if brightness < 75:
        return "low"
    if brightness > 180:
        return "high"
    return "medium"


def _blur_label(laplacian_var: float) -> str:
    if laplacian_var < 45:
        return "high"
    if laplacian_var < 120:
        return "medium"
    return "low"


def _analyze_quality(gray_img) -> Dict[str, Any]:
    if cv2 is None:
        return {
            "noise_level": "unknown",
            "brightness": "unknown",
            "blur_level": "unknown",
            "brightness_value": None,
            "noise_sigma": None,
            "laplacian_var": None,
        }
    brightness = float(gray_img.mean())
    noise_sigma = float(gray_img.std())
    lap_var = float(cv2.Laplacian(gray_img, cv2.CV_64F).var())
    return {
        "noise_level": _noise_label(noise_sigma),
        "brightness": _brightness_label(brightness),
        "blur_level": _blur_label(lap_var),
        "brightness_value": round(brightness, 2),
        "noise_sigma": round(noise_sigma, 2),
        "laplacian_var": round(lap_var, 2),
    }


def _aggregate_quality(samples: List[Dict[str, Any]]) -> Dict[str, Any]:
    if not samples:
        return {
            "noise_level": "unknown",
            "brightness": "unknown",
            "blur_level": "unknown",
            "brightness_value": None,
            "noise_sigma": None,
            "laplacian_var": None,
        }
    brightness_values = [float(s["brightness_value"]) for s in samples if s.get("brightness_value") is not None]
    noise_values = [float(s["noise_sigma"]) for s in samples if s.get("noise_sigma") is not None]
    lap_values = [float(s["laplacian_var"]) for s in samples if s.get("laplacian_var") is not None]
    brightness = statistics.mean(brightness_values) if brightness_values else 0.0
    noise_sigma = statistics.mean(noise_values) if noise_values else 0.0
    lap_var = statistics.mean(lap_values) if lap_values else 0.0
    return {
        "noise_level": _noise_label(noise_sigma),
        "brightness": _brightness_label(brightness),
        "blur_level": _blur_label(lap_var),
        "brightness_value": round(brightness, 2),
        "noise_sigma": round(noise_sigma, 2),
        "laplacian_var": round(lap_var, 2),
    }


def probe_video_metadata(path: Path) -> Dict[str, Any]:
    cmd = [
        "ffprobe",
        "-v",
        "error",
        "-select_streams",
        "v:0",
        "-show_entries",
        "stream=width,height,nb_frames,r_frame_rate,duration",
        "-show_entries",
        "format=duration",
        "-of",
        "json",
        str(path),
    ]
    try:
        p = subprocess.run(cmd, check=False, capture_output=True, text=True)
        if p.returncode != 0 or not p.stdout:
            return {}
        payload = json.loads(p.stdout)
    except Exception:
        return {}

    stream = (payload.get("streams") or [{}])[0] if isinstance(payload, dict) else {}
    fmt = payload.get("format") or {}
    width = _safe_int(stream.get("width"))
    height = _safe_int(stream.get("height"))
    nb_frames = _safe_int(stream.get("nb_frames"))
    fps_raw = str(stream.get("r_frame_rate") or "0/1")
    duration = _safe_float(stream.get("duration")) or _safe_float(fmt.get("duration"))
    fps = 0.0
    if "/" in fps_raw:
        num_s, den_s = fps_raw.split("/", 1)
        num = _safe_float(num_s)
        den = _safe_float(den_s, 1.0)
        if den > 0:
            fps = num / den
    elif fps_raw:
        fps = _safe_float(fps_raw)
    if nb_frames <= 0 and duration > 0 and fps > 0:
        nb_frames = int(duration * fps)
    return {
        "width": width,
        "height": height,
        "fps": round(fps, 3) if fps > 0 else None,
        "frame_count": nb_frames if nb_frames > 0 else None,
        "duration_seconds": round(duration, 3) if duration > 0 else None,
    }


def estimate_processing_seconds(
    *,
    media_type: str,
    mode: str,
    width: int = 0,
    height: int = 0,
    frame_count: int = 0,
) -> Optional[int]:
    if media_type == "video":
        if frame_count <= 0:
            return None
        megapixels = max(0.15, (max(1, width) * max(1, height)) / 1_000_000.0)
        per_frame = 0.8 * megapixels if mode == "tactical" else 1.35 * megapixels
        per_frame = max(0.08, min(9.0, per_frame))
        overhead = 6 if mode == "tactical" else 12
        return int(math.ceil(frame_count * per_frame + overhead))
    if media_type == "photo":
        megapixels = max(0.15, (max(1, width) * max(1, height)) / 1_000_000.0)
        base = 3.0 if mode == "tactical" else 6.0
        return int(math.ceil(base + megapixels * (3.0 if mode == "tactical" else 5.0)))
    return None


def _recommendations(
    *,
    faces_count: int,
    plates_count: int,
    quality: Dict[str, Any],
    media_type: str,
) -> Tuple[List[str], str]:
    recs: List[str] = []
    noise_level = quality.get("noise_level")
    brightness = quality.get("brightness")
    blur_level = quality.get("blur_level")

    if noise_level == "high":
        recs.append("Enable denoise (FastDVDnet/SCUNet) before enhancement.")
    if brightness == "low":
        recs.append("Apply low-light normalization before super-resolution.")
    if blur_level in {"medium", "high"}:
        recs.append("Enable sharpening after upscaling to recover edges.")
    if faces_count > 0:
        recs.append("Run face restoration (GFPGAN) as priority stage.")
    if plates_count > 0:
        recs.append("Run license-plate ROI enhancement with focused sharpening.")
    if not recs:
        recs.append("Balanced enhancement pipeline is sufficient for this media.")

    if faces_count > 0 and faces_count >= plates_count:
        priority = "faces"
    elif plates_count > 0:
        priority = "plates"
    elif media_type == "photo":
        priority = "details"
    else:
        priority = "balanced"
    return recs, priority


def _suggested_export(media_type: str, quality: Dict[str, Any], width: int, height: int) -> Dict[str, Any]:
    if media_type == "video":
        if width >= 3840 or height >= 2160:
            resolution = "original"
        elif width >= 1920 or height >= 1080:
            resolution = "4k"
        else:
            resolution = "1080p"
        codec = "mp4_h264" if quality.get("noise_level") != "high" else "mp4_h265"
        return {
            "resolution": resolution,
            "format": codec,
            "roi": "auto_faces",
        }
    return {
        "resolution": "original",
        "format": "png",
        "roi": "full_frame",
    }


def analyze_photo(path: Path) -> Dict[str, Any]:
    if cv2 is None:
        raise RuntimeError("opencv-python-headless is not installed")
    frame = cv2.imread(str(path), cv2.IMREAD_COLOR)
    if frame is None:
        raise RuntimeError("Cannot decode uploaded image")
    h, w = frame.shape[:2]
    gray = cv2.cvtColor(frame, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
    faces = _detect_faces(gray)
    plates = _detect_plates(gray)
    quality = _analyze_quality(gray)
    recs, priority = _recommendations(
        faces_count=len(faces),
        plates_count=len(plates),
        quality=quality,
        media_type="photo",
    )
    return {
        "media_type": "photo",
        "frame_sampled": 1,
        "resolution": {"width": w, "height": h},
        "faces": faces,
        "license_plates": plates,
        "quality_analysis": quality,
        "recommendations": recs,
        "suggested_priority": priority,
        "suggested_export": _suggested_export("photo", quality, w, h),
        "estimated_processing_seconds": estimate_processing_seconds(
            media_type="photo",
            mode="tactical",
            width=w,
            height=h,
            frame_count=1,
        ),
    }


def _sample_video_frames(path: Path, max_samples: int = 24) -> Tuple[List[Tuple[int, Any]], Dict[str, Any]]:
    if cv2 is None:
        raise RuntimeError("opencv-python-headless is not installed")
    cap = cv2.VideoCapture(str(path))
    if not cap.isOpened():
        raise RuntimeError("Cannot open uploaded video")
    frame_count = _safe_int(cap.get(cv2.CAP_PROP_FRAME_COUNT))
    fps = _safe_float(cap.get(cv2.CAP_PROP_FPS))
    width = _safe_int(cap.get(cv2.CAP_PROP_FRAME_WIDTH))
    height = _safe_int(cap.get(cv2.CAP_PROP_FRAME_HEIGHT))

    indices: List[int] = []
    if frame_count > 0:
        sample_count = min(max_samples, frame_count)
        if sample_count <= 1:
            indices = [0]
        else:
            indices = sorted({int(i * (frame_count - 1) / (sample_count - 1)) for i in range(sample_count)})
    else:
        indices = list(range(max_samples))

    sampled: List[Tuple[int, Any]] = []
    for idx in indices:
        if frame_count > 0:
            cap.set(cv2.CAP_PROP_POS_FRAMES, idx)
        ok, frame = cap.read()
        if not ok or frame is None:
            continue
        sampled.append((idx, frame))

    cap.release()
    duration = (frame_count / fps) if (frame_count > 0 and fps > 0) else None
    meta = {
        "frame_count": frame_count if frame_count > 0 else None,
        "fps": round(fps, 3) if fps > 0 else None,
        "width": width,
        "height": height,
        "duration_seconds": round(duration, 3) if duration else None,
    }
    return sampled, meta


def analyze_video(path: Path) -> Dict[str, Any]:
    sampled, meta = _sample_video_frames(path, max_samples=24)
    if not sampled:
        raise RuntimeError("Cannot sample frames from uploaded video")

    all_faces: List[Dict[str, Any]] = []
    all_plates: List[Dict[str, Any]] = []
    quality_samples: List[Dict[str, Any]] = []

    for frame_idx, frame in sampled:
        gray = cv2.cvtColor(frame, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)  # type: ignore[union-attr]
        faces = _detect_faces(gray)
        plates = _detect_plates(gray)
        for f in faces:
            f["frame_index"] = frame_idx
            all_faces.append(f)
        for p in plates:
            p["frame_index"] = frame_idx
            all_plates.append(p)
        quality_samples.append(_analyze_quality(gray))

    quality = _aggregate_quality(quality_samples)
    recs, priority = _recommendations(
        faces_count=len(all_faces),
        plates_count=len(all_plates),
        quality=quality,
        media_type="video",
    )
    width = _safe_int(meta.get("width"))
    height = _safe_int(meta.get("height"))
    frame_count = _safe_int(meta.get("frame_count"))

    return {
        "media_type": "video",
        "frame_sampled": len(sampled),
        "video_metadata": meta,
        "faces": all_faces[:120],
        "license_plates": all_plates[:120],
        "quality_analysis": quality,
        "recommendations": recs,
        "suggested_priority": priority,
        "suggested_export": _suggested_export("video", quality, width, height),
        "estimated_processing_seconds": estimate_processing_seconds(
            media_type="video",
            mode="tactical",
            width=width,
            height=height,
            frame_count=frame_count,
        ),
    }